Land Soil Water

NCERT Solution

Answer the following questions:

Question 1: Which are the two main climatic factors responsible for soil formation?

Answer: Temperature and rainfall

Question 2: Write any two reasons for land degradation today.

Answer: Increasing population and large scale deforestation

Question 3: Why is land considered an important resource?

Answer: All of us live on land. We need land for agriculture. We need land for making houses, factories, roads, railways, etc. We cannot imagine of a life without land. Hence, land is considered an important resource.

Question 4: Name any two steps that government has taken to conserve plants and animals.

Answer: Government has made national parks and wildlife sanctuaries to protect the plants and animals. Government has passed many laws to make poaching a punishable offence.

Question 5: Suggest three ways to conserve water.

Answer: Following are the three ways to conserve water:

  1. Reduce: Use only as much water as you need. Don’t waste water.
  2. Reuse: Water which is left after washing the vegetables and cloths should be used for mopping.
  3. Recycle: Sewage and effluents should be treated before being flown into rivers or ponds.
Tick the correct answer

Question 1: Which one of the following is NOT a factor of soil formation?

  1. Time
  2. Soil texture
  3. Organic matter

    Answer: (b) Soil texture

Question 2: Which one of the following methods is most appropriate to check soil erosion on steep slopes?

  1. Shelter belts
  2. Mulching
  3. Terrace cultivation

    Answer: (c) Terrace cultivation

Question 3: Which one of the following is NOT in favour of the conservation of nature?

  1. Switch off the bulb when not in use
  2. Close the tap immediately after using
  3. Dispose polypacks after shopping

    Answer: (c) Dispose polypacks after shopping
Match the followings
Column AColumn B
(a) Land use(1) Prevent soil erosion
(b) Humus(2) narrow zone of contact between lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere
(c) Rock dams(3) Productive use of land
(d) Biosphere(4) Organic matter deposited on topsoil
(5) Contour ploughing

Answer:(a) → 3, (b) → 4, (c) → 1, (d) → 2

State whether the given statement is true or false. If true, write the reasons.
  1. Ganga–Brahmaputra plain of India is an overpopulated region.

    Answer: This is a true statement. The Ganga-Brahmaputra plain has even topography and highly fertile soil. Hence, it can support a huge population.
  2. Water availability per person in India is declining.

    Answer: This is a true statement. The population of India has been growing but availability of water has been declining. Hence, water availability per person is declining.
  3. Rows of trees planted in the coastal areas to check the wind movement is called intercropping.

    Answer: False
  4. Human interference and changes of climate can maintain the ecosystem.

    Answer: False

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